Regeneración ósea en un modelo de xenotrasplante de células madre

In everyday clinical practice, health professionals quite often find themselves in situations where bone regeneration is required, for example, spinal fusion. Originally this type of regeneration was done by using auto or allografts from human donors, although none of these options were exempt of issues. Orthopaedic
Tissue Egineering is a field of knowledge that is trying to get bone substitutes with
the ideal qualities without the downsides of the classical grafts. We outline a study
where the aim of it is to analyse if human mesenchymal stem cells seeded into a
tricalcium phosphate carrier are capable of inducing the repair of a critical size
bone injury in immunocompetent New Zealander rabbits. To do this we operated
on 16 rabbits, causing a cylindrical injury in each of the external femoral condyles.
The right condyle was filled with cells and tricalcium phosphate and the left one
with only the carrier. Three months after the surgery took place, we carried out an
anatomopathological study of all the femurs. As a result, we found an effective
bone regeneration only in the case of the femurs that contained stem cells, to the
point of regenerating the entire injury. Furthermore, we verified the survival of
the human cells 3 months after they were implanted on immunocompetent New
Zealander rabbits.